The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of a tobacco use screening question, modified to include the word "e-cigarette," in detecting past 12-month nicotine vaping and past 12-month tobacco product use inclusive of nicotine vaping, among adolescent primary care patients.
We conducted secondary analysis of data from a pilot trial of adolescent substance usescreening and brief intervention in pediatric primary care. Participants were patients aged 12-18years (N= 278) presenting for annual well-visits at five practices in Massachusetts in 2015-2017. Study measures consisted of a clinical brief screener item and tobacco/electronic cigarette items on a confidential, self-administered research questionnaire (criterion measure).
The clinical brief screener item identified 24 of 30 adolescents with past 12-month tobacco use (sensitivity 80%); 15 of 30 with past 12-month electronic cigarette use (sensitivity 50.0%), and 25 of 42 with tobacco and/or electronic cigarette use (sensitivity 59.5%).
These findings support the need to develop and test a screening measure that is sensitive for capturing electronic cigarette use.
These findings support the need to develop and test a screening measure that is sensitive for capturing electronic cigarette use.To assess and compare demographic and clinical features of benign and malignant eyelid tumors from 2011 to 2018 in a tertiary medical center.
The study was conducted retrospectively from medical records to compare demographic and clinical characteristics and recurrence of benign and malignant eyelid tumors after obtaining institutional review board approval. A total of 428 eyelid tumors with histopathologic diagnoses were studied. Premalignant lesions were not included. The lesions were classified into two groups according to malignancy benign and malignant eyelid lesions.
Among the 428 histopathologically confirmed eyelid lesions, 373 (87.1%) were benign and 55 (12.9%) were malignant. The patients with malignant eyelid tumors had a higher mean age at diagnosis than patients with benign eyelid tumors (P=0.012). The most common benign eyelid tumors were squamous papilloma (17.7%), xanthelasma (11.5%), and epidermal cysts (11.3%). The most common malignant eyelid tumors were basal cell carcinomas (65.5%), squamous cell carcinomas (14.5%), and sebaceous gland carcinomas (7.3%). There was no relative gender predominance between patients with benign and malignant eyelid tumors (P=0.287). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/linderalactone.html Benign eyelid tumors were most commonly located on the right side and upper eyelid (P=0.027 and 0.036, respectively). Malignant tumors had a higher rate of recurrence (P=0.002).
Differentiation between benign and malignant eyelid lesions is important, since it may lead to cosmetic complications and serious morbidity, particularly in patients with malignant eyelid tumors.
Differentiation between benign and malignant eyelid lesions is important, since it may lead to cosmetic complications and serious morbidity, particularly in patients with malignant eyelid tumors.Sphincter-saving resection (SSR) for low rectal cancer remains challenging due to the high risk of positive resection margin (R1). Long-term outcomes and the dedicated oncological strategy are not well established in this situation. The aim of this study was to define the more appropriate strategy according to the patterns of recurrence.
Between 1994 and 2014, patients treated by SSR for low rectal cancer with preoperative chemoradiotherapy were included. Three types of recurrences were defined local (LR), distant (DR) and mixed (MR). Recurrences and survival after R0 and R1 resection were analysed by Kaplan-Meier and compared with the log-rang test.
Among 394 patients receiving SSR, 42 (10.6%) had R1 resection. Independent factors of R1 resection were EMVI (OR2.24,95%IC1.10-4.53,p=0.025) and no tumor downstaging (OR8.41,95%IC2.50-8.32,p=0.001). Both 5-year disease free and overall survival, and 5-year distant and local recurrence, were significantly worse after R1 resection. The overall recurrence after R1 resection was 57% (24/42), 7% had LR, 36% DR and 14% MR. Time to DR was shorter than time to LR (11.1 vs. 34.3) months. In all cases of MR, DR occurred before LR (12.1 vs. 34.3) months, meaning that after R1 resection, the first concern was DR.
R1 resection after SSR for low rectal cancer reflects a more aggressive and systemic disease. Prognosis depends on DR in about 90% of cases, suggesting that pelvic control should not be the priority in the oncological strategy after R1. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy ought to be preferred to salvage abdominoperineal resection.
R1 resection after SSR for low rectal cancer reflects a more aggressive and systemic disease. Prognosis depends on DR in about 90% of cases, suggesting that pelvic control should not be the priority in the oncological strategy after R1. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy ought to be preferred to salvage abdominoperineal resection.The Chemcatcher® (CC) passive sampler containing an Atlantic HLB-L Disk (AD) was calibrated in a laboratory-based flow-through tank over 21 days under stirring for 38 polar organic pesticides with log Kow ranging from -1.7 to 3.8. The resultant sampling rates Rs range from 0.025 to 0.068 L/d. In 2018, field trials were conducted in the German rivers Mulde and Havel, as well as in 7 agricultural streams in Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. For 36 detected pesticides, the overall low concentrations were 0.2 to 49.4 ng/L. The determined pesticide profiles reflect agricultural use and were dominated by triazine herbicides including transformation products, by neonicotinoid insecticides, and by the herbicide mecoprop. Additional single hot spots were provided by the herbicides metamitron, isoproturon, and MCPA (showing the overall largest value of 49.4 ng/L). Notably, the detected waterborne pesticides include banned herbicides and associated transformation products in concentration ratios suggesting also recent input. This concerns in particular atrazine and its transformation products 2-OH-atrazine, deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine. An extended target screening of AD-CC extracts from the river Havel revealed the additional presence of other organic micropollutants including biocides, surfactants and industrial chemicals, and demonstrated the AD-CC applicability up to log Kow of 4.5.